(2016) Environmental Pollution_Measurements of major VOCs released into the closed cabin environment of different automobiles under various engine and ventilation scenarios

Kim K.-H., Szulejko J.E., Jo H.-J., Lee M.-H., Kim Y.-H., Kwon E., Ma C.-J., Kumar P.

(Elsevier Ltd) Environmental Pollution ISSN: 2697491 Vol.215 Issue. Article No. DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.05.033

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in automobile cabins were measured quantitatively to describe their emission characteristics in relation to various idling scenarios using three used automobiles (compact, intermediate sedan, and large sedan) under three different idling conditions ([1] cold engine off and ventilation off, [2] exterior air ventilation with idling warm engine, and [3] internal air recirculation with idling warm engine). The ambient air outside the vehicle was also analyzed as a reference. A total of 24 VOCs (with six functional groups) were selected as target compounds. Accordingly, the concentration of 24 VOC quantified as key target compounds averaged 4.58 ± 3.62 ppb (range: 0.05 (isobutyl alcohol) ∼ 38.2 ppb (formaldehyde)). Moreover, if their concentrations are compared between different automobile operational modes: the 'idling engine' levels (5.24 ± 4.07) was 1.3-5 times higher than the 'engine off' levels (4.09 ± 3.23) across all 3 automobile classes. In summary, automobile in-cabin VOC emissions are highly contingent on changes in engine and ventilation modes. © 2016 Elsevier Ltd.

This research was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning (grant number 2013004624 ). It was also supported by the “ Cooperative Research Program for Agriculture Science & Technology Development (Project title: Study on model development to control odor from pigpen, Project No. PJ01052101 )” Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea. E Kwon also acknowledge support made by a National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) Grant funded by the Korean Government (MSIP) (No. 2014RA1A004893 ).